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在高能固态电池中使塑化聚合物电解质对金属稳定

Peichao Zou¹, Chunyang Wang¹, Yubin He¹

¹Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, 92697, United States.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

|February 14, 2024

概括

研究人员在用于金属电池的塑化聚合物电解质中发现了接口不稳定性. 添加乙烯碳酸盐 (FEC) 产生稳定的固体电解质介相 (SEI),提高电池性能和寿命.

科学领域:

材料科学材料科学材料科学
电化学电化学电化学
储能储能储能储能储能储能

背景情况:

固态金属电池提供高能量密度,但面临的挑战是金属电解质接口的不稳定性.
基于塑料晶体的塑化聚合物电解质是有希望的,但由于界面接触不良和树突形成而受到影响.
这些系统中金属电解质接口的精确故障机制尚未完全理解.

研究的目的:

调查用于金属电池的塑化聚合物电解质的界面不稳定性的起源.
开发一种添加剂修饰的电解质,增强金属沉积和固体电解质介相 (SEI) 形成.
为了证明使用修改过的电解质提高金属电池的电化学性能和稳定性.

主要方法:

使用一种基于succinonitrile塑料晶体的塑化聚合物电解质模型.
引入乙烯碳酸盐 (FEC) 作为修改电解质的添加剂.
使用Na//Na对称细胞和Na//Na3V2(PO4)3全细胞评估了接口特性和电化学性能.

主要成果:

确定了厚厚的,不均的SEI形成和皮的金属生长作为关键的故障来源.
证明FEC添加剂促进了统一的,像圆顶的金属沉积.
通过添加FEC实现了薄,无形,富含的SEI层.
在对称细胞 (1,800小时) 和全细胞 (1,200个循环后93.0%的保留) 中观察到显著改善的循环稳定性.

结论:

该研究阐明了在金属接口上的塑化聚合物电解质的故障机制.
乙烯碳酸盐 (FEC) 添加剂通过控制SEI形成和金属形态来有效地稳定接口.
这项工作提出了开发稳定和高性能固态金属电池的可行策略.

关键词:

乙烯碳酸盐添加剂乙烯碳酸盐添加剂塑化剂塑化剂聚合物电解质的高分子电解质.金属阳极是一种金属阳极.固态电池是一种固态电池.

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