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在过去十年里,系统治疗的长期存活率:黑色素瘤可以治愈吗?
Kenjiro Namikawa1, Eiji Nakano1, Dai Ogata1
1Department of Dermatologic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
The Journal of dermatology
|February 15, 2024
概括
免疫检查点抑制剂,如nivolumab加上ipilimumab,为晚期黑色素瘤患者提供长期生存. 新的组合疗法正在开发中,以改善风险效益平衡,并解决反应较弱的亚型.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 在历史上,晚期黑色素瘤的全身疗法主要集中在缓解.
- 免疫检查点抑制剂已经彻底改变了黑色素瘤的治疗,使得完整的反应和长期的生存.
- 治疗目标的转变是从瘤控制到实现持久的长期生存.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前的黑色素瘤全身治疗的长期存活率.
- 讨论在晚期黑色素瘤中免疫治疗的未来前景.
- 评估现有和新兴组合疗法的风险效益平衡.
主要方法:
- 关于高级黑色素瘤全身治疗的当前文献的综述.
- 分析与免疫检查点抑制剂相关的长期生存数据.
- 讨论正在进行的新型组合疗法的临床试验.
主要成果:
- 标准剂量的nivolumab加上ipilimumab提供了长期存活的最佳机会,但具有显著的免疫相关不良事件.
- 基于抗PD-1的新组合疗法正在开发中,具有潜在的更好的风险效益概况.
- 状和粘膜黑色素瘤亚型的反应性较低,但需要通过组合疗法进行进一步的研究.
结论:
- 通过免疫疗法,在晚期黑色素瘤中实现长期生存越来越有可能.
- 优化系统治疗的持续时间至关重要,以尽量减少健康和财务负担.
- 未来的临床试验必须优先考虑长期结果,以评估新药的真正益处.
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