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Updated: Jul 3, 2025

Basic Methods for the Study of Reproductive Ecology of Fish in Aquaria
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Basic Methods for the Study of Reproductive Ecology of Fish in Aquaria

Published on: July 20, 2017

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在 Bryconops Kner, 1858 年 (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Iguanodectidae) 的融合和环境相关的色彩多态性

Andressa S Gonçalves1, André L Netto-Ferreira2, Samantha C Saldanha1

  • 1Group for Integrated Biological Investigation (GIBI), Center for Advanced Biodiversity Studies (CEABIO), Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.

PloS one
|February 15, 2024
PubMed
概括

布莱科诺普斯鱼种群的颜色变化可能源于环境因素和融合进化,而不是不同的进化血统. 这表明在鱼类分类学中使用颜色时要小心.

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Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike Lanius Ludovicianus Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern04:10

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Speciation Rates01:07

Speciation Rates

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Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
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Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
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Lampbrush Chromosomes01:51

Lampbrush Chromosomes

In 1882, Flemming observed lampbrush chromosomes (LBC) in salamander eggs. Later in 1892, Rückert observed LBCs in shark egg cells and coined the term "lampbrush chromosomes" because they looked like brushes used to clean kerosene lamps.
LBCs are made up of two pairs of conjugating homologous chromatids. Each chromatid consists of alternatively positioned regions of condensed-inactive chromatin and loosely placed-active side loops, which can be contracted and extended. The loops...
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Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
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Hybrid Zones02:29

Hybrid Zones

Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
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