抑郁和焦虑的跨诊断症状与前额叶皮层灰质体积减少有关
Anna C Cichocki1, Richard E Zinbarg2, Michelle G Craske3
1Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Swift Hall, 2029 Sheridan Road, Evanston IL 60208, United States.
Psychiatry research. Neuroimaging
|February 15, 2024
概括
前额叶皮层灰质减少与抑郁和焦虑的一般痛苦有关,而不是特定的症状. 这一发现突出了情绪和焦虑障碍中的跨诊断机制.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
背景情况:
- 伴随性抑郁和焦虑有着共同的潜在机制.
- 心理病理学的维度模型为这些共享机制提供了洞察力.
- 以前的神经解剖学研究往往缺乏对抑郁和焦虑的特异性.
研究的目的:
- 用心理病理学三级模型研究年轻人的神经结构变化.
- 检查特定症状尺寸 (一般痛苦,无情感,恐惧) 和与情绪相关的大脑区域的灰质体积之间的关系.
- 为了确定跨诊断与抑郁和焦虑的特定症状的神经解剖相关性.
主要方法:
- 在使用三级模型维度的269名年轻成年人中评估了抑郁和焦虑症状.
- 使用结构性MRI测量情绪产生 (杏仁体,核) 和调节 (轨道前,腹侧,背侧前额皮层) 区域的灰色物质量.
- 在每个感兴趣区域回归每个三级症状维度,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 一般困扰与双边轨道前皮层和腹侧前皮层中较小的灰质体积有显著的关联.
- 这些关联独立于安尼多尼亚-恐惧和恐惧症状维度.
- 没有发现Anhedonia-Apprehension或Fears与研究的大脑区域之间存在显著的关联.
结论:
- 前额叶皮层灰质变化与跨诊断性失调情绪有关,这种情绪常见于抑郁症和焦虑症.
- 抑郁症 (Anhedonia-Apprehension) 和焦虑症 (Fears) 的特定症状尺寸与检查的神经解剖学区域没有联系.
- 研究结果强调了研究跨诊断特征的重要性,以了解抑郁和焦虑机制,并制定干预措施.
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