贸易对全球水生食物消费模式的影响
Kangshun Zhao1,2, Steven D Gaines2, Jorge García Molinos3
1Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Lake and Watershed Science for Water Security, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
Nature communications
|February 15, 2024
概括
全球水生食物消费量正在上升,但由于水产养殖,人类水生食物热量水平 (HATL) 正在下降. 国际贸易增加了大多数国家的水产食品和HATL的可用性,减少了全球差距.
科学领域:
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 食品系统分析 食品系统分析
- 全球贸易动态 全球贸易动态
背景情况:
- 全球化对水生食物的采集和消费产生了重大影响.
- 关于国际贸易是否导致水生食物分配不公平存在争议.
- 了解全球水生食物消费模式和贸易影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析1976年至2019年的全球水生食物消费模式,贸易特征和影响.
- 评估贸易对水生食物的可用性和食物水平的影响.
- 调查人类水生食物热量水平 (HATL) 变化的驱动因素.
主要方法:
- 为174个国家开发物种级质量平衡数据集.
- 为全球水生食物项目创建 trofic 级别识别数据集.
- 分析了四十年来消费模式,贸易数据和HATL趋势.
主要成果:
- 全球人均水生食品消费量大幅增加.
- 该HATL已经从3.42下降到3.18,这是由增加的低的水产养殖生产所推动的.
- 国际贸易促进了60%以上的国家的水产食品和HATL的可用性,减少了地理差异.
结论:
- 水产养殖的兴起正在降低HATL,尽管总体消费增加.
- 在全球范围内,贸易在提高水生食物的可获得性和食物多样性方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 焦点应该转向公平的分配,同时提高全球渔业的生产力和经济收益.
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