如何在心血管研究中使用准实验方法:对当前实践的审查
Alexander W Carter1, Sahan Jayawardana1, Joan Costa-Font1
1Department of Health Policy, The London School of Economics and Political Science, United Kingdom (A.W.C., S.J., J.C.-F., E.M.).
Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes
|February 16, 2024
概括
准实验方法 (QEMs) 在随机试验不可能时提供因果推断. 本综述审查了心血管研究中的QEM,为研究人员提供指导和决策辅助.
科学领域:
- 心血管研究研究心血管研究
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 准实验方法 (QEMs) 对于因果推断至关重要,当随机对照试验 (RCTs) 不可行或不道德时.
- 通过结合随机分配元素,QEM提供了比传统观测研究更强有力的因果证据.
- 需要对心血管研究中的QEM进行系统检查,以改进和扩大其应用.
研究的目的:
- 系统地检查QEM在心血管研究中的使用情况.
- 识别和描述关键的QEM技术及其局限性.
- 为在心血管研究中应用QEM提供实际指导和决策辅助.
主要方法:
- 一个系统的搜索策略确定了2016年至2021年间发表的QEM.
- 确定了四种主要的QEM技术:仪器变量分析,中断时间序列分析,差异分析和回归不连续性设计.
- 来自高级期刊的合格文章使用Joanna Briggs研究所的检查清单进行了质量评估.
主要成果:
- 最初从380项研究中提取了数据,在评估后包括了25项高质量的研究.
- 该审查详细介绍了每个已识别的QEM技术的特点和局限性.
- 开发了一个图形决策辅助工具,以帮助研究人员应用QEM.
结论:
- 该研究提供了对高影响心血管研究中QEMs当代使用的见解.
- 开发的决策辅助提供了一个新的工具,用于研究人员的常规采用.
- 研究结果强调了QEM在推进心血管研究中的日益重要和应用.
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