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Updated: Jul 2, 2025

Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species
11:45

Generation of Marked and Markerless Mutants in Model Cyanobacterial Species

Published on: May 29, 2016

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菌素耐药性和固定之间的权衡驱动了对蓝藻细菌异质囊功能至关重要的基因的进化

Dikla Kolan1, Esther Cattan-Tsaushu1, Hagay Enav1

  • 1Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, The Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 3103301, Israel.

The ISME journal
|February 16, 2024
PubMed
概括

菌的繁殖是一个日益严重的问题,但它们的病毒 (菌体) 可以帮助控制它们. 然而,耐药的蓝藻细菌显示固化的减少,影响水生生态系统.

关键词:
蓝藻细菌是一种蓝藻细菌.阻力阻力的成本.基因组的演化 基因组的演化固化的方法 固化的方法菌体是一种菌体.电阻的电阻是指电阻的电阻贸易优惠是一个贸易优惠.

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Natural Transformation, Protein Expression, and Cryoconservation of the Filamentous Cyanobacterium Phormidium lacuna11:47

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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
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The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
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