对统一研究数据集预测建模中缺失数据的归算方法的影响进行比较
JiaHang Li1,2, ShuXia Guo1,2, RuLin Ma1,2
1Department of Public Health, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2th Road, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China.
BMC medical research methodology
|February 16, 2024
概括
最接近邻居分类 (KNN) 和随机森林 (RF) 在队列研究中有效处理缺失的数据. 这些机器学习方法改善了心血管疾病风险预测模型与其他归算技术相比.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
- 机器学习 机器学习
背景情况:
- 缺少的数据是队列研究中的一个常见挑战,可能会导致结果偏见.
- 评估归算方法对于准确的预测建模至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估八种统计和机器学习归算方法的有效性.
- 用真实世界队列数据比较心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险预测模型的归算技术.
主要方法:
- 八种归算方法 (简单,回归,EM,MICE,KNN,集群,RF,CART) 应用于新疆队列数据集 (10,164名受试者,37个变量).
- 使用平均绝对误差 (MAE) 和根平均平方误差 (RMSE) 评估性能,缺失率为20%.
- 心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险预测模型是使用支持矢量机器 (SVM) 构建的,并通过曲线下的面积 (AUC) 进行比较.
主要成果:
- K最近邻居分类 (KNN) 和随机森林 (RF) 显示出优异的归算性能 (KNN:MAE 0.2032,RMSE 0.7438;RF:MAE 0.3944,RMSE 1.4866).
- 这些方法导致CVD风险预测模型的曲线下面面积 (AUC) 值高于其他技术.
- 完整的数据模型实现了最高的AUC (0.804),KNN和RF显示出具有竞争力的预测性能.
结论:
- 最接近邻居分类 (KNN) 和随机森林 (RF) 在归因队列研究中缺失的数据方面非常有效.
- 这些机器学习方法提高了诸如心血管疾病等疾病的预测模型的准确性.
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