老年人中的社会焦虑和孤独:一个温和的调解模型
Shuting Sun1, Yawen Wang1,2, Lilu Wang1
1School of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, University Town, Wenzhou, China.
BMC public health
|February 16, 2024
概括
社会焦虑可以通过缩小他们的社交网络增加老年人的孤独感. 感知到的社会支持可以帮助,但针对社会焦虑,社交网络和支持的干预是关键.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 心理健康 心理健康
背景情况:
- 对老年人社会焦虑和孤独机制的理解有限.
- 专注于社交网络调解和感知到的社会支持调节.
- 解决老年精神健康研究中的一个关键差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查社交网络在老年人中社交焦虑和孤独之间的联系中扮演的调解角色.
- 检查感知到的社会支持对这种关系的温和效应.
- 为旨在减少老年人孤独感的干预提供见解.
主要方法:
- 调查了454名老年人,使用验证的社会焦虑,社交网络,孤独和感知到的社会支持等级.
- 使用调节调解模型 (引导式和简单斜率方法) 的统计分析.
- 测试假设路径的定量方法.
主要成果:
- 社会焦虑显著预测了孤独感的增加,社交网络部分调解了这一效应.
- 感知到的社会支持调节了社会焦虑和社交网络之间的关系,以及社交网络和孤独之间的关系.
- 社会支持对社会焦虑对社交网络的影响的缓冲效应随着社会焦虑水平的提高而减少.
结论:
- 社会焦虑通过减少社交网络规模,导致老年人感到孤独.
- 感知到的社会支持提供了部分缓冲,但它的保护能力是有限的.
- 干预措施应侧重于减少社会焦虑,增强社交网络,并加强感知到的社会支持,以打击老年人群中孤独.
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