基因生物强化:推进作物营养,解决隐藏的饥饿问题
Usman Zulfiqar1, Amman Khokhar2, Muhammad Faisal Maqsood3
1Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan. usman.zulfiqar@iub.edu.pk.
Functional & integrative genomics
|February 16, 2024
概括
生物强化提高了作物营养含量,以对抗隐藏的饥饿. 本综述探讨了基因策略,如育种和基因组编辑,以改善必需营养素和减少粮食作物中的反营养素.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 植物育种 植物育种
背景情况:
- 营养不良,或"隐藏的饥饿",是一个全球性的健康和社会经济挑战,其特点是缺乏足够的必需营养素,尽管有足够的卡路里.
- 生物强化提供了一种可持续的解决方案,通过增加主食作物中重要微量营养素 (例如铁,,维生素A) 的度.
- 解决营养缺乏对全球健康和发展成果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查和突出遗传生物强化策略,以提高作物营养价值.
- 讨论增加必需营养素含量和改善食用作物的生物可用性的方法.
- 检查遗传生物强化在减少食品中的反营养因素中的作用.
主要方法:
- 农业生物强化:应用矿物肥 (叶子/土壤) 和微生物介导的营养吸收增强.
- 遗传生物强化:寻求所需基因组合的传统植物育种.
- 先进的遗传技术:快速繁殖,转基因方法,基因组编辑和奥米克集成.
主要成果:
- 遗传生物强化可以有效地提高作物中必需营养素 (铁,,维生素A) 的含量.
- 像基因组编辑这样的创新技术为改善营养特征提供了精确的方法.
- 生物强化策略可以同时提高营养密度并减少反营养成分.
结论:
- 遗传生物强化提供了一种强大,可持续的方法来打击隐藏的饥饿和改善公共卫生.
- 集成先进的育种技术和奥米克是优化作物营养特征的关键.
- 与营养增强一起减少反营养素对于最大限度地提高生物强化作物的健康益处至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
18.9K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
18.9K
02:50Transgenic Plants
7.2K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.2K
00:49What is Genetic Engineering?
74.1K
Overview
74.1K
01:20The Central Dogma
21.7K
The central dogma explains the flow of genetic information from DNA nucleotides to the amino acid sequence of proteins.
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
21.7K
02:35Key Elements for Plant Nutrition
18.7K
Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
18.7K
01:09Recombinant DNA
94.5K
Overview
94.5K