在延伸流场和在奥恩斯坦-乌伦贝克噪声下,合物的工作分布
1Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, India.
Physical review. E
|February 17, 2024
概括
研究人员探索了带有彩色噪声的体系统,发现非高斯的工作分布仍然遵守波动定理. 系统参数影响工作波动和热交换动态.
科学领域:
- 热力学是一种热力学.
- 统计力学 统计力学
- 软物质物理学 软物质物理学
背景情况:
- 随机热力学研究微观系统,经常使用高斯白噪声 (GWN) 进行波动.
- 在发现波动定理和相关规律之后,研究兴趣很高.
研究的目的:
- 在延伸流下,研究一个合体在和电位中的工作分布函数.
- 使用Ornstein-Uhlenbeck噪声 (彩色噪声) 来建模有效波动.
- 将结果与经过GWN的系统进行比较.
主要方法:
- 使用路径积分技术来计算工作分配函数.
- 分析系统参数对工作波动的影响.
- 检查随时间推移的热交换动态.
主要成果:
- 由于延伸流场,工作分布函数是非高斯函数.
- 波动定理对于GWN和Ornstein-Uhlenbeck噪声都有效.
- 增加噪声强度会扩大分布,而增加的相关性则会对抗这种效应.
- 该系统在早期显示热量消耗,并在晚些时候显示散热.
结论:
- 这项研究促进了对复杂的,具有相关波动的非线性流动中的体系统的理解.
- 彩色噪声引入了非高斯行为,同时保持了基本的热力学定律.
- 系统参数对工作波动和热传输的性质和大小具有重要影响.
相关概念视频
01:22Couette Flow
263
Couette flow represents the flow of fluid between two parallel plates, with one plate fixed and the other moving with a constant velocity. This configuration allows for a simplified analysis using the Navier-Stokes equations, which govern fluid motion under conditions of viscosity and incompressibility. For Couette flow, the assumptions include a steady, laminar, incompressible flow with a zero-pressure gradient in the flow direction. This flow type is beneficial for understanding shear-driven...
263
01:17Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates
192
Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
192
01:23Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes
208
Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is...
208
01:30Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Along a Streamline
969
Bernoulli's equation relates the energy conservation in a fluid moving along a streamline. The equation applies to incompressible and inviscid fluids under steady flow. For such a flow, Newton's second law is applied to a small fluid element, which experiences forces due to pressure differences, gravity, and velocity variations. The force balance leads to the following form of Bernoulli's equation:
969
01:16Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline
861
Bernoulli's equation for flow normal to a streamline explains how pressure varies across curved streamlines due to the outward centrifugal forces induced by the fluid's curvature. The pressure is higher on the inner side of the curve, near the center of curvature, and decreases outward to balance these centrifugal forces.
The pressure difference depends on the fluid's velocity and radius of curvature. The pressure variation is minimal in flows with nearly straight streamlines.
The pressure difference depends on the fluid's velocity and radius of curvature. The pressure variation is minimal in flows with nearly straight streamlines.
861
01:07Laminar and Turbulent Flow
8.5K
Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...
8.5K