童年不良经历对精神分裂症和健康对照者的脑网络的影响不同
Benedetta Vai1, Federico Calesella1, Alice Pelucchi2
1Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milano, Italy.
Journal of psychiatric research
|February 17, 2024
概括
与健康对照组 (HC) 相比,精神分裂症 (SZ) 患者的不良童年经历 (ACE) 显著改变了精神理论 (ToM) 的大脑网络. 这些大脑变化预测临床结果,强调早期压力对社会功能的影响.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 精神分裂症 (SZ) 的特点是心智理论 (ToM) 受到影响,影响社会认知.
- 童年不良经历 (ACE) 恶化了SZ结果和社会功能.
- ACE对对TOM至关重要的脑部区域产生影响,具有持久的影响.
研究的目的:
- 调查ACE如何在SZ患者和健康对照者 (HC) 中对ToM大脑网络产生差异影响.
- 确定这些ACE诱导的效应是否预测SZ.的临床结果.
- 探索ACE,ToM网络连接和功能性大脑反应之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在ToM任务期间,对26名HC和33名SZ患者进行了fMRI扫描.
- 分析了全脑功能反应和连接 (FC),重点关注ACE和诊断相互作用.
- 使用FC数据,Lasso回归预测了临床分数 (PANSS,IRI) 和任务性能.
主要成果:
- 在ToM网络中观察到ACE和诊断之间的显著相互作用,影响了情感和认知ToM.
- 在功能连接中发现了广泛的改变,涉及到像vmPFC,ACC,insula和thalamus这样的区域.
- FC变化预测了PANSS分数,幻想同情 (IRI) 和ToM任务响应延迟.
结论:
- 早期压力 (ACE) 在SZ患者和HC患者中显著地塑造了ToM大脑网络的不同.
- 这些神经生物学效应部分解释了精神分裂症的临床和行为结果.
- 研究结果强调了早期生活中的逆境在塑造社会认知及其神经支中的关键作用.
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