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怀孕期间母亲吸烟以及注意力缺陷/多动障碍儿童皮质结构

Nellie H Fotopoulos¹, Boris Chaumette², Gabriel A Devenyi³

¹Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Psychiatry research

|February 17, 2024

概括

产前吸烟可能会影响ADHD的风险. 表观遗传标记,与母亲的回忆不同,揭示了ADHD儿童的大脑结构较小,特别是在右轨道前皮层,中皮层和副海马环.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
发展心理学发展心理学
遗传学是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

怀孕期间母亲吸烟 (MSDP) 是注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的已知危险因素.
将MSDP与ADHD联系在一起的确切机制尚不清楚,但产前暴露可能会改变大脑发育.
研究这些对皮质大脑结构的影响对于理解ADHD病因至关重要.

研究的目的:

检查产前吸烟暴露对被诊断患有ADHD的儿童皮质大脑结构的影响.
为了比较母亲回忆与表观遗传标记在识别产前吸烟暴露的有效性.
为了将大脑结构的差异与ADHD症状严重程度相关联.

主要方法:

评估产前吸烟暴露的方法有两种:母亲的自我报告和表观遗传标记 (EM).
使用CIVET-1.1.12获得皮质大脑测量,使用RMINC进行统计分析.
儿童根据暴露状态分组:+MSDP (n=24) 与-MSDP (n=85) 根据回忆,以及+EM (n=14) 与-EM (n=21) 根据表观遗传学.

主要成果:

根据母亲的吸烟回忆 (+MSDP与-MSDP) 发现儿童之间脑结构没有显著差异.
与 -EM儿童相比,具有吸烟暴露的阳性表观遗传标志物 (+EM) 的儿童在右侧轨道前皮层 (ROFc),右侧中皮层 (RTc) 和右侧副海马圈 (RPHg) 的表面积显着较小.
在RPHg中皮质表面面积较小与持续性能测试 (CPT) 委托错误得分较高有显著的相关性.

结论:

表观遗传标记可以提供比母亲回忆更准确的产前环境暴露的评估.
通过表观遗传标记识别的产前吸烟暴露与ADHD儿童皮质大脑结构的特定改变有关.
这些结构性大脑变化,特别是在RPHg,可能与特定的ADHD相关的行为缺陷有关.

关键词:

更多关于 ADHD ADHD 的文章孩子孩子孩子孩子皮层的表面积皮层的表面积表观遗传标志物表观遗传标志物表观遗传标志物产前吸烟在产前吸烟

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