社会参与的变化影响中年和老年中国成年人的认知功能:对中国老龄化纵向研究 (2011-2018) 的分析
Frontiers in public health
|February 19, 2024
概括
社会参与显著预测了老年人的认知功能,与抑郁症和健康状况等因素相比. 促进社会参与可以帮助缓解中老年和老年中国人口的认知衰退.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 认知科学 认知科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 认知能力下降是老年人面临的主要挑战.
- 社会参与是一种潜在的保护因素,但它对认知功能的独特预测能力需要澄清.
- 现有的研究还没有完全将社会参与的影响与其他健康和日常生活因素隔离开来.
研究的目的:
- 调查45岁及以上的中国成年人随着时间的推移,社会参与与认知功能之间的独特关联.
- 为了确定社会参与是否预测认知功能,独立于抑郁症状,自我报告的健康状况和日常生活活动.
- 评估社会参与对认知功能特定维度的预后影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了2011年,2013年,2015年和2018年中国老年人 (N=5,258) 的大型国家健康调查数据.
- 采用潜增长模型 (LGM) 来分析预测因素和认知功能轨迹之间的独特关联.
- 对混变量进行控制,包括抑郁症状,自我报告的健康状况和日常生活活动.
主要成果:
- 在研究队列中观察到整体认知衰退.
- 社会参与显著预测了认知功能的两个维度,其影响与抑郁症状,自我报告的健康状况和日常活动相当.
- 在控制其他变量后,社会参与对情节性记忆 (β ≈ 0.1,p < 0.05) 和精神完整性 (β ≈ 0.06,p < 0.05) 产生了显著的预后影响.
结论:
- 社会参与对认知功能的预测力与随着时间的推移建立的指标相比较.
- 促进中年和老年中国人的社会参与是打击认知功能退化的可行策略.
- 这些发现对改善老龄人口的认知健康具有重大政策和实际影响.
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