促进和阻碍德国小学儿童体育活动的决定因素:与学生,教师和家长进行的定性研究
Louisa Sell1,2, Berit Brandes3, Mirko Brandes1
1Department of Prevention and Evaluation, Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology, BIPS GmbH, Bremen, Germany.
Frontiers in public health
|February 19, 2024
概括
了解儿童体育活动 (PA) 的障碍和促进因素是促进健康习惯的关键. 这项研究突出了影响儿童参与PA的个人,社会和环境层面的因素.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 儿童体育活动 (PA) 对儿童的发展和福祉至关重要.
- 确定PA的决定因素对于有效的干预策略至关重要.
- 一种定性方法探讨了小学儿童对PA的障碍和促进因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查儿童,家长和教师对影响儿童体育活动的因素的观点.
- 在不同的社会生态层面上识别身体活动的障碍和促进者.
- 为小学年龄儿童制定有针对性的PA干预计划提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在德国,使用半结构化的焦点小组与小学儿童 (n=46),家长 (n=18) 和教师 (n=10) 进行定性研究.
- 焦点小组进行了面对面 (儿童,教师) 和在线 (家长).
- 专题分析用于分析转录的数据,而社会生态模型用于数据组织.
主要成果:
- 参与者在社会生态模型的四个层面中确定了障碍和促进者.
- 障碍包括久坐偏好,家长的控制,财务限制,长时间的坐着时间,天气和COVID-19限制.
- 促进者包括儿童对活动的自然倾向,父母/同龄人的参与,教师/学校的支持,农村生活,足够的设施和良好的天气.
结论:
- 对整个社会生态模型的决定因素的全面理解对于PA干预至关重要.
- 干预措施应解决个人因素以及社会影响 (父母,同龄人,教师) 和更广泛的环境.
- 未来的战略必须考虑影响儿童体育活动水平的因素的多方面的性质.
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