隔离邻居和获得活体捐赠者移植的机会
Yiting Li1, Gayathri Menon1, Byoungjun Kim1
1Department of Surgery, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York.
JAMA internal medicine
|February 19, 2024
概括
邻里隔离与黑人候选人减少获得活体捐赠者移植 (LDKT) 的机会有关. 解决种族隔离问题是减少LDKT种族差异的关键.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
- 移植科学 移植科学
背景情况:
- 结构性种族主义,包括种族和种族隔离,使医疗保健获得的差异持续存在.
- 获得活体捐赠者移植 (LDKT) 仍然是种族群体之间不平等的.
- 了解这些差异的机制对于开发有针对性的干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查住宅和移植中心社区隔离与进入LDKT之间的关联.
- 确定种族和民族隔离是否影响获得LDKT的可能性.
- 确定邻居隔离如何导致移植中的种族差异.
主要方法:
- 一项队列研究分析了美国 (1995-2021) 第一次LDKT的162587名成年候选人的数据.
- 分离是使用基于美国人口普查数据的Theil H方法量化.
- 使用因果特异性危险模型,调整个人和社区因素,并检查隔离和种族之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 居住在高隔离社区的黑人候选人与低隔离地区的候选人相比,获得LDKT的机会要低10%.
- 在高隔离社区的移植中心的黑人和白人候选人均显示LDKT访问减少.
- 在高隔离地区的少数民族社区的候选人,特别是黑人候选人,经历了显著较低的LDKT访问.
结论:
- 社区和移植中心的隔离可能是结构性种族主义的机制,有助于增加LDKT接入差距.
- 需要针对隔离的干预措施,例如社区外展,以促进公平的LDKT接入.
- 缓解隔离的影响对于解决移植中的种族不平等至关重要.
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