产妇和新生儿护理服务包对围产和新生儿死亡率的影响:一个集群随机临床试验
Shabina Ariff1, Uswa Jiwani2, Arjumand Rizvi1
1Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
JAMA network open
|February 19, 2024
概括
基于社区的干预措施通过改善新生儿护理实践,在巴基斯坦农村地区显著降低了新生儿死亡率 (NMR). 这项研究强调了在资源有限的环境中,这些计划的有效性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
背景情况:
- 高新生儿死亡率 (NMR) 持续存在于资源有限的环境中,通常是由于未充分利用的卫生系统.
- 基于社区的干预措施有望通过改善医疗保健实践来改善新生儿生存率.
研究的目的:
- 评估基于社区的孕产妇和新生儿护理套餐在减少巴基斯坦农村围产和新生儿死亡率方面的有效性.
- 评估加强社区护理对新生儿生存率的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个集群随机临床试验,分别涉及巴基斯坦农村的干预和控制集群中的12,529例和12,333例怀孕.
- 干预包括孕产妇和新生儿健康套餐,医疗保健专业人员培训和社区动员.
- 测量结果包括28天内围产死亡率和新生儿死亡率 (NMR).
主要成果:
- 新生儿死亡率 (NMR) 在干预组 (39.2/1000活产) 与对照组 (52.2/1000活产) 相比显著较低.
- 在干预组中,清洁的输送实践和赫西丁的使用显著增加.
- 两组之间没有观察到围产期死亡率的显著差异;产前访问和设施分娩仍然相似.
结论:
- 通过改善新生儿护理实践,以社区为基础的干预措施可以有效地减少贫困环境中的新生儿死亡率.
- 需要进一步的研究来澄清干预措施对围产死亡率,产前访问和设施分娩的影响.
- 这项研究强调了社区计划在提高新生儿生存率方面的价值.
相关概念视频
01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.3K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.3K
01:52Regression Toward the Mean
6.3K
Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
6.3K
00:55Parental Care
11.7K
Many animals exhibit parental care behavior, including feeding, grooming, and protecting young offspring. Parental care is universal in mammals and birds, which often have young that are born relatively helpless. Several species of insects and fish, as well as some amphibians, also care for their young.
11.7K
01:23Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
126
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
126
01:16Clinical Trials
6.7K
Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
6.7K
01:11Blinding
2.4K
Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
2.4K