从产前可卡因暴露到成人物质使用和行为路径
Gale A Richardson1, Natacha M De Genna1, Jennifer A Willford2
1University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America.
Neurotoxicology and teratology
|February 19, 2024
概括
产前暴露于可卡因 (PCE) 与后代的长期行为问题有关,包括增加大麻使用和成人逮捕. 这些PCE的有害影响在整个发育阶段都持续存在,这凸显了早期干预的重要性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 产前可卡因暴露 (PCE) 与后代的行为问题有关,包括早期物质使用和外部化行为.
- 这项纵向研究追踪了从产前入学到年轻成人阶段的个体,提供了对长期发展影响的见解.
- 了解PCE的持续影响对于开发有效的干预和支持系统至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查从产前可卡因暴露 (PCE) 到25年随访后代的行为结果的途径.
- 调查PCE与药物使用,法律问题和成年人的认知功能之间的长期关联.
- 确定将PCE与成人不良行为结果联系起来的调解因素.
主要方法:
- 长度队列研究,包括产前招生和后续评估到年轻成年 (平均年龄为27.3岁).
- 对怀孕期间可卡因使用模式的分析 (38%第一季度,11%第三季度).
- 统计建模用于控制混因素,并检查从PCE到成人结果的直接和间接途径.
主要成果:
- 第一个三个月的产前可卡因暴露与去年大麻使用量增加,更多的逮捕,以及成年后更差的决策任务表现有显著的关联.
- 调解分析显示,通过早期启动和21年大麻使用,从PCE到当前大麻使用的间接途径.
- 间接途径还通过早期大麻启动和21年行为障碍将PCE与终身逮捕联系起来,也观察到显著的直接途径.
结论:
- 产前暴露于可卡因 (PCE) 的有害关联在整个发育阶段和成年期持续存在.
- 早期大麻使用和行为问题似乎调解了PCE和后来的物质使用和法律问题之间的关系.
- 这些发现强调了PCE对后代行为的持久影响,需要持续的研究和干预努力.
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