两项随机交叉多中心研究调查了非性小麦敏感性个体食用面包后的胃肠道症状:小麦种类和发酵类型是否重要?
Marlijne Cg de Graaf1, Emma Timmers1, Bo Bonekamp1
1Department of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands; NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
患有非性小麦敏感症 (NCWS) 的人在不同小麦种和发酵方法中经历了类似的胃肠道症状. 这项研究发现,用酵母发酵的面包和用酵母酵母发酵的面包之间,在症状严重程度上没有显著的差异,这些面包是用小麦,,或emmer制成的.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学和营养科学 胃肠病学和营养科学
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
背景情况:
- 许多人由于感知胃肠道 (GI) 症状而避免小麦.
- 关于小麦导致胃肠道疾病的信念往往导致饮食限制.
- 不同的小麦品种和加工方法可能会影响个体反应.
研究的目的:
- 调查各种面包类型对自我报告的非性小麦敏感性 (NCWS) 个体的胃肠道症状的影响.
- 为了比较不同小麦种 (面包小麦,,麦) 和发酵方法 (酵母发酵与酸面粉发酵) 的面包对GI症状的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项并行,随机,双盲,交叉,多中心的研究.
- 患有NCWS的参与者在单独的测试日内消费了来自三种小麦的酵母发酵 (YF) 或酸面粉发酵 (SF) 面包.
- 胃肠道症状使用视觉模拟量表 (VAS) 进行评估,响应者以显著增加的症状得分来定义.
主要成果:
- 在YF或SF类型的不同小麦物种 (面包小麦,,麦) 制成的面包之间,没有观察到GI症状的显著差异.
- 在所有测试的面包类型和发酵方法中,经历显著的胃肠道症状增加 (响应者) 的个体数量是可比的.
- 在群体层面上,症状严重程度根据谷物或发酵过程没有显著变化.
结论:
- 虽然许多患有NCWS的人在食用面包时会出现胃肠道症状,但在小组层面的分析中,不同小麦种或发酵方法之间没有显著差异.
- 该研究表明,对于患有NCWS的人来说,小麦种类或发酵方法可能不是群体水平上GI症状的主要驱动因素.
- 可能需要进一步的研究来了解超越小麦和发酵的广泛类别的NCWS中GI症状的特定触发因素.
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