中国卫生工作人员的女性化:从2002年到2020年探索性别组成
Mingyue Li1,2,3, Joanna Raven4, Xiaoyun Liu5
1Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Human resources for health
|February 19, 2024
概括
在中国,从2002年到2020年,女性卫生工作人员的数量显著增加. 然而,较低级别的职位正在更快地变得女性化,这表明需要进行系统性变革,以确保医疗保健中的性别平等.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康劳动力研究 卫生劳动力研究
- 性别研究是性别研究.
背景情况:
- 全球趋势显示卫生工作人员的女性化,但这一现象在中国仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解性别组成的变化对于卫生系统规划和政策制定至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析中国卫生工作人员性别组成的变化.
- 探索不同卫生专业角色,组织类型和专业化的趋势.
主要方法:
- 利用了中国卫生统计年鉴 (2002-2020) 的数据.
- 专注于医生,护士和药剂师.
- 雇佣趋势分析和估计年平均百分比变化 (AAPC) 来评估性别比例的变化.
主要成果:
- 在中国,女性卫生专业人员的总体比例从2002年的63.85%大幅增加到2020年的72.4%.
- 与医院相比,乡镇卫生中心,村庄诊所和疾病预防控制中心的女性化速度更快.
- 某些专业,如传统中医,牙科和公共卫生,在女性医生中,女性化率更快.
结论:
- 中国的医疗保健行业正经历着女性参与度的增加.
- 在较低级别的职位上更快的女性化表明,持续的性别规范影响了职业发展.
- 系统层面的干预是必要的,以促进卫生工作人员各级的性别平等.
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