骨髓性肉瘤与RBM15::MRTFA (MKL1) 模仿血管瘤
Fatma Gündoğdu1, Abbas Agaimy2, Selin Aytaç3
1Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye.
Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology
|February 19, 2024
概括
婴儿外骨髓性肉瘤是一种罕见的急性大核细胞白血病 (AML) 呈现,具有RBM15::MRTFA(MKL1) 融合,可以模仿其他癌症. 这一案例凸显了在患有外骨髓质质块的婴儿中考虑AML的重要性.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 儿科瘤学 儿科瘤学
- 分子诊断学 分子诊断
背景情况:
- 在急性髓性白血病 (AML) 中,外骨干参与是不常见的,特别是在急性巨核细胞白血病中.
- 骨髓性肉瘤是一种外骨髓性AML形式,可以呈现为固体瘤,可能被误诊为非血液性恶性瘤.
- RBM15::MRTFA(MKL1) 融合是一种与AML.相关的罕见遗传异常.
研究的目的:
- 报告一个罕见的急性巨核细胞白血病病例,在婴儿中呈现为外骨髓性髓性肉瘤.
- 突出诊断挑战和非血液性恶性瘤的潜在错误诊断.
- 强调分子诊断的重要性,特别是RBM15::MRTFA(MKL1) 融合,在准确的AML分类中.
主要方法:
- 一个7个月大的婴儿患有白细胞瘤,肝炎,淋巴腺病,大腿质量的临床表现.
- 腿部病变的初始活检被误解为恶性血管瘤.
- 随后的骨髓活检和软组织的RNA测序用于遗传分析.
主要成果:
- 患者出现了暗示固体瘤的症状,导致最初的错误诊断.
- 骨髓检查显示高细胞性,具有特定的爆裂形态和免疫类型 (CD34+,CD61+).
- RNA测序证实了软组织活检中RBM15::MRTFA(MKL1) 融合的存在,确定了AML诊断.
结论:
- 具有RBM15::MRTFA(MKL1) 融合的急性髓性白血病主要可以表现为外骨髓性病变 (髓性肉瘤).
- 这种表现可能导致诊断延迟和误诊作为非血液性恶性瘤.
- 早期考虑AML和全面的分子检测对于准确的诊断和适当的治疗在患有外骨质质的儿科病例至关重要.
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