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战争推动了森林火灾的风险,并强调了在战后乌克兰需要更加生态健全的森林管理的需要
Maksym Matsala1, Andrii Odruzhenko2, Taras Hinchuk3
1Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden. maksym.matsala@slu.se.
Scientific reports
|February 20, 2024
概括
乌克兰战争显著增加了森林破坏,特别是轻度火灾. 受到破坏的森林地区,特别是赫尔森地区,面临着未来的高火灾危险,需要新的森林管理策略.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 林业林业 林业 林业 林业
- 遥感 遥感 遥感 遥感
背景情况:
- 自2022年2月以来,乌克兰的全面军事侵略影响了自然资源.
- 森林生态系统特别容易受到战争和相关的土地利用变化的影响.
研究的目的:
- 分析战争对乌克兰森林覆盖面的影响.
- 调查战前森林管理与与战争有关的干扰之间的相互作用.
- 评估受影响森林地区未来的火灾风险.
主要方法:
- 利用哨兵卫星图像,为2022年创建受损森林覆盖面罩.
- 根据接近支持火灾的土地使用情况,绘制了具有高火灾危险的森林.
- 将2022年森林干扰率与三个兴趣区 (AOI) 的战前基线进行比较:"东部"",赫尔逊"和切尔诺贝利排除区 (CEZ).
主要成果:
- 在所有三个AOI中都观察到非站式取代干扰 (低严重程度的火灾,非火灾干扰) 的显著增加.
- 受损的森林覆盖面因AOI而异:"东部" (9.3%),"赫尔森" (15.7%) 和CEZ (5.0%).
- "赫尔森"的AOI显示,在未来几十年中,受损森林的比例 (89%) 是最高的,并且具有较高的火灾危险.
结论:
- 与战争有关的干扰已经大大改变了乌克兰的森林覆盖面.
- 在受损森林中,特别是"赫尔逊"地区,火灾风险较高,需要适应性森林管理.
- 未来的战略必须解决战争的影响和可持续森林生态系统的火灾风险增加.
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