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嗅觉系统的退化在一个进化为日记的Murid动物中

Ben-Yang Liao¹, Meng-Pin Weng¹, Ting-Yan Chang¹

¹Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan, Republic of China.

Molecular biology and evolution

|February 20, 2024

概括

尼罗河老鼠是尼罗河的老鼠.

科学领域:

进化生物学是进化的生物学.
感官生态学感官生态学
哺乳动物适应性哺乳动物适应性

背景情况:

哺乳动物,特别是动物的感官权衡仍然不太清楚.
尼罗河老鼠最近适应日间小穴,为研究感官进化提供了一个独特的模型.

研究的目的:

为了研究尼罗河老鼠的嗅觉和视觉之间的进化权衡.
使用形态和多原子分析,将尼罗河老鼠与与之密切相关的夜间动物 (老鼠,老鼠) 进行比较.

主要方法:

对嗅觉相关的解剖结构进行比较形态分析.
穆里德基因组的比较.
在小鼠和尼罗河老鼠的嗅觉表皮转录组的RNA测序.

主要成果:

尼罗河老鼠表现出与嗅觉相关的解剖结构 (轮骨,状板,嗅觉球泡) 的尺寸减少.
与老鼠相比,尼罗河大鼠嗅觉受体 (OR) 基因显示进化收益减少,损失增加和表达减少.
在尼罗河老鼠的OR基因中观察到功能性退化,但其他基因没有.

结论:

尼罗河老鼠日间视力增强与嗅觉结构和OR基因谱的退化有关.
这支持了由哺乳动物过渡到白天生活方式所驱动的嗅觉视觉权衡的假设.

关键词:

这就是日常新闻.这是一种夜生活,夜生活.现型演化过程中的表型演化.感觉感觉是一种感觉.感觉上的权衡是感觉上的权衡.

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