乌干达Rakai的职业群体中的艾滋病毒流行病学趋势:基于人口的纵向研究,1999-2016年
Victor O Popoola1, Joseph Kagaayi2,3, Joseph Ssekasanvu1,2
1Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America.
PLOS global public health
|February 20, 2024
概括
艾滋病毒治疗和预防计划减少了未经治疗的艾滋病毒和大多数乌干达职业的发病率. 然而,女性在酒吧/餐厅工作和当地手工艺品,以及男性在运输,仍然是高优先级组针对性艾滋病毒干预.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 某些职业,如女性酒吧工作和男性运输,与撒哈拉以南非洲地区的艾滋病毒风险较高有关.
- 关于非洲艾滋病毒治疗和预防计划扩大后职业内艾滋病毒趋势的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 评估乌干达特定职业内艾滋病毒流行和发病率的变化.
- 从1999年到2016年,评估艾滋病毒计划对职业艾滋病毒风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 来自Rakai社区队列研究 (1999-2016) 的前性数据,涉及33866名年龄在15-49岁之间的参与者.
- 普森回归用于估计流行风险比率和发病率比率,按性别和职业分层.
- 分析的重点是整体,治疗和未治疗的艾滋病毒感染,以及艾滋病毒发病率.
主要成果:
- 总体而言,大多数男性职业群体的HIV血清发病率下降,但在女性中保持稳定或增加.
- 在大多数职业中,未经治疗的艾滋病毒的患病率在两种性别中都显著下降.
- 在大多数群体中,艾滋病毒发病率下降,但女性酒吧/餐厅工作者,当地工匠女性或男性运输工作者中并没有下降.
结论:
- 在乌干达大多数职业群体中,未经治疗的艾滋病毒感染和发病率已经下降.
- 酒吧/餐厅工作和当地手工艺品的女性,以及运输业的男性,代表了持续艾滋病规划的优先人口.
- 针对性干预对于持续高艾滋病毒负担的职业群体至关重要.
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