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急性运动的认知和身体负荷对儿童抑制控制和前额叶皮层血液动力学的影响

Sebastian Ludyga¹, Markus Gerber, Anja Schwarz

¹Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, SWITZERLAND.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise

|February 20, 2024

概括

低认知负载的急性运动改善了儿童的情感冲突解决. 运动期间的高认知负载不会有利于抑制控制,但会提高前额叶皮层的效率.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
运动生理学运动生理学
发展心理学发展心理学

背景情况:

已知急性运动可以增强抑制控制.
身体和认知负担对儿童这种能力的影响还不太清楚.
在运动和认知任务期间前额叶皮层的血液动力学变化需要调查.

研究的目的:

研究在急性运动期间身体和认知负荷对青春期前儿童抑制控制的缓解作用.
为了检查前额叶皮层血液动力学变化,以应对不同的运动负载.
在不同的运动条件下评估标准和情感Stroop任务的性能.

主要方法:

一个涉及29名青春期前儿童的交叉设计.
四个随机的运动条件:低/高的体力负荷与低/高的认知负荷相结合.
标准和情感Stroop任务在运动前和运动后进行,功能近红外光谱测量前额叶皮层氧化率.

主要成果:

身体或认知负荷对标准Stroop任务没有显著的影响.
与高认知负载相比,低认知负载的运动改善了对情感Stroop任务的反应时间和准确性.
在低抑制性控制需求期间观察到前额叶皮层侧面氧化差异的减少.

结论:

具有较低认知需求的急性运动增强了儿童的情感冲突解决能力.
运动期间的高认知负荷并不能改善对非情绪信息的抑制.
增加左前额叶皮层效率与在不需要情绪冲突解决的情况下的认知负载效应有关.

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