晚上但不是早上的有氧训练可以改善治疗高血压的老年患者的同情活动和巴罗反射灵敏度
Leandro C Brito1,2, Luan M Azevêdo1, Graziela Amaro-Vicente3
1Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
The Journal of physiology
|February 20, 2024
概括
晚上有氧运动显著降低高血压患者的血压和肌肉交感神经活动. 这种时间增强了心血管自主调节,特别是同情性巴罗反射灵敏度,提供了超出药物治疗的好处.
科学领域:
- 心血管生理学心血管生理学
- 自主神经系统调节自主神经系统调节
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 有氧训练通过改善心血管自主控制来降低血压.
- 之前的研究表明,晚间训练 (ET) 降低血压的效果比早晨训练 (MT) 更大.
- 背后ET的优异的低血压效应的机制,特别是关于自主调节的机制,需要进一步研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较早晨与晚上有氧训练对肌肉交感神经活动 (MSNA) 和巴罗反射灵敏度 (BRS) 的影响.
- 为了确定心血管自主调节的改善是否是晚上训练时观察到的较大血压下降的基础.
- 评估在接受高血压治疗的老年患者中的这些影响.
主要方法:
- 老年高血压患者被随机分配到早晨 (MT) 或晚上 (ET) 训练组.
- 两组参与了为期10周的中等强度自行车运动,每周3次45分钟.
- 使用微神经图像和修改的牛津技术,在干预前后评估了心跳对心跳的血压,心率,MSNA和心脏反射灵敏度 (心脏和交感).
主要成果:
- 平均血压在ET后显著下降,但MT没有下降 (-9±11对比-1±8mmHg,P=0.042).
- 只有在ET后,MSNA显著下降 (-12 ± 5对比-3 ± 7爆发/100心跳,P=0.013).
- 交感BRS在ET后有所改善,但没有MT (-0.8 ± 0.7对比0.0 ± 0.8爆发/100心跳/mmHg,P=0.052),而心脏BRS在两组中都有类似的改善.
结论:
- 晚上有氧训练有效地降低了治疗高血压患者的血压和肌肉交感神经活动.
- 同情性巴罗反射灵敏度的改善在晚上训练的增强降血压效果中起着至关重要的作用.
- 运动的时间可以提供额外的抗高血压益处,通过减轻交感过度驱动和保持巴罗反射灵敏度.
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