基因组分析捕捉了人类诱导的人口崩和恢复在一个广泛的鹿
Camille Kessler1, Aaron B A Shafer1,2
1Environmental and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.
Molecular biology and evolution
|February 20, 2024
概括
基因组分析显示,四季气候周期和人类压力导致白尾鹿和鹿种群的严重减少. 鹿的保护问题仍然存在,而白尾鹿的人口复苏.
科学领域:
- 人口基因组学 人口基因组学
- 保护遗传学 保护遗传学
- 古生态学 古生态学
背景情况:
- 四分期冰川周期和人类活动对大型哺乳动物种群产生了深刻的影响.
- 白尾鹿和鹿由于气候和人类压力而经历了人口的收缩和扩张.
- 欧洲殖民导致北美鹿种群的严重减少.
研究的目的:
- 使用基因组数据调查白尾鹿和鹿的人口统计和适应史.
- 了解气候和人为压力对北美各地鹿群的影响.
- 确定与环境变化和保护问题相关的选择的遗传特征.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自北美范围的73个重新排序的鹿基因组.
- 应用多次顺序马科维亚凝聚 (MSMC) 来推断历史有效种群大小 (Ne).
- 在与温度和免疫相关的基因中识别选择特征.
主要成果:
- 强有力的证据表明气候诱导的牧民和人口下降,在最后的冰川最大期结束时,白尾鹿Ne的严重下降.
- 强有力的证据表明,殖民时期的过度收获导致了所有分析的种群中近期Ne的急剧下降.
- 与温度相关的基因 (例如,感冒受体) 和与土地使用变化相关的免疫基因的选择特征.
- 时间Ne/Nc比率表明鹿的保护问题,与白尾鹿的人口复苏形成鲜明对比.
结论:
- 由于气候和人为因素,鹿种群的数量大幅下降.
- 基因组数据为历史人口动态和适应性反应提供了洞察力.
- 该研究强调了鹿的保护问题以及白尾鹿种群的成功恢复.
相关概念视频
Conservation of Small Populations
13.1K
Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...
13.1K
Conservation of Declining Populations
9.6K
Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent populations from going extinct.
9.6K
Genetic Drift
39.8K
Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.
39.8K
Threats to Biodiversity
22.3K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.3K
Hybrid Zones
17.0K
Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
17.0K
Genetics of Speciation
19.2K
Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
19.2K


