[法国监狱中精神障碍的流行:系统审查]
Marion Eck1, Julien Da Costa2, Marielle Wathelet3
1Pôle de psychiatrie légale et de conduites addictives en milieu pénitentiaire, centre hospitalier Gérard Marchant, 31057 Toulouse, France; Inserm, U1172 - Lille neuroscience & cognition, université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France.
L'Encephale
|February 20, 2024
概括
精神疾病在法国监狱中非常普遍,影响高达44.4%的囚犯. 这一系统性审查强调,迫切需要对被监禁人员进行更好的心理健康管理.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 犯罪学 犯罪学
背景情况:
- 监狱中精神疾病的流行是一个全球性的公共卫生问题.
- 法国面临着越来越多的监禁率和过度拥挤,加剧了心理健康挑战.
- 没有先前的系统审查全面评估了法国监狱中精神疾病的患病率.
研究的目的:
- 对法国监禁人员中精神疾病患病率的文献进行系统审查.
- 综合现有关于法国监狱人口心理健康状况的数据.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed和Web of Science数据库中进行系统的文献搜索,并通过法国学术和灰色文献搜索来补充.
- 包括在2022年9月之前发表的英语或法语原始定量研究,重点关注在惩戒机构中精神疾病的流行率.
- 数据由两名独立研究人员根据预先确定的协议提取,并遵守PRISMA (系统审查和元分析的首选报告项目) 准则.
主要成果:
- 确定了24项符合条件的研究,在1999年至2022年期间发表,方法和样本特征各不相同.
- 用代表性样本和经过验证的工具进行的研究表明:焦虑障碍的发病率为29.4-44.4%,PTSD的发病率为5-14.2%,情绪障碍的发病率为28-31.2%,精神障碍的发病率为6.9-17%,人格障碍的发病率为32%,ADHD的发病率为11%.
- 很大一部分研究涉及小样本或专注于监狱内的特定亚群.
结论:
- 这一审查证实了法国被监禁人口中精神疾病的高患病率.
- 调查结果与国际监狱心理健康数据一致.
- 进一步严格的研究是必要的,以了解在法国惩戒设施中精神障碍的具体率和决定因素.
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