对环境压力因素进行集群模式分析,并量化它们对比利时全因死亡率的影响
Bram Vandeninden1,2,3, Eva M De Clercq4, Brecht Devleesschauwer5,6
1School of Public Health, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. bram.vandeninden@ulb.be.
BMC public health
|February 20, 2024
概括
环境压力,包括空气污染和工业用地,在比利时显著增加死亡率. 对多种环境压力因素的累积暴露构成了最大的健康风险,突出了针对性公共卫生干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 空间流行病学空间流行病学
背景情况:
- 环境压力因素对公共卫生产生重大影响,导致疾病,住院和过度死亡率.
- 2016年比利时人口数据 (11.150万个人) 为分析环境健康影响提供了强大的样本.
- 在统计部门 (18,681个部门) 层面的地理空间分析允许详细调查环境压力分布.
研究的目的:
- 调查环境压力因素与比利时年龄标准化全因死亡率 (ASMR) 之间的关联.
- 确定与死亡率增加相关的特定环境因素,如空气污染,噪音和土地利用.
- 评估多种环境压力因素对死亡风险的累积影响.
主要方法:
- 将环境参数 (空气污染,噪音,土地利用) 分为不同的压力类别.
- 在统计部门层面进行空间分析,绘制压力因素分布图.
- 环境压力集群与ASMR之间的关系的统计评估.
主要成果:
- 高水平的空气污染,特别是来自交通的空气污染,与ASMR的14.8%的增加有关.
- 工业用地存在与ASMR的14.7%上升有关.
- 对多种压力因素 (空气污染,噪音,工业用地,缺乏绿色空间) 的累积暴露与ASMR显著增加26.9%有关.
结论:
- 特定的环境压力因素,如与交通相关的空气污染和工业用地,明显增加了全因死亡率.
- 对多种环境危害的联合暴露造成的死亡风险要大得多.
- 调查结果强调了城市规划和环境政策的必要性,以减轻健康负担.
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