精神病学的不同视角:德国的专业人士是如何面向家庭的?
Carolin Laser1, Silke Pawils2, Anne Daubmann3
1Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. c.laser@uke.de.
BMC psychiatry
|February 20, 2024
概括
父母患有精神疾病的孩子面临更高的风险. 面向家庭的干预是关键的,专业人士发挥着至关重要的作用. 这项研究揭示了德国精神卫生专业人员在面向家庭的实践中的显著差异.
科学领域:
- 心理健康服务研究 心理健康服务研究
- 家庭心理学 家庭心理学
- 医疗保健专业实践 医疗保健专业实践
背景情况:
- 患有精神疾病的父母的孩子面临着明显增加的风险,他们自己也会患上精神疾病.
- 以家庭为导向的预防性干预已被证明是有效的降低这种风险,精神卫生专业人员对其实施至关重要.
- 现有研究表明,在精神卫生保健领域的不同专业学科中,以家庭为导向的做法存在相当大的差异.
研究的目的:
- 调查和比较德国精神卫生系统中各个专业群体中面向家庭的实践程度.
- 确定与组织支持,家长-客户参与和专业能力相关的以家庭为导向的实践中的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自ci-chimps试验的基线评估数据,这是CHIMPS-NET (2020年1月 - 2021年5月) 的一个子项目.
- 包括来自18个德国临床中心的儿童/青少年和成人心理健康系统的475名心理健康专业人员.
- 评估以家庭为导向的实践,使用翻译的以家庭为中心的心理健康实践问卷 (FFMHPQ),分析使用ANOVA和后期测试的数据.
主要成果:
- 在组织政策,支持,父母-客户工作和专业技能方面,在各个专业群体中观察到面向家庭的实践存在显著差异.
- 专门从事儿童和青少年心理健康的心理治疗师在大多数测量方面表现出最高水平的以家庭为导向的实践.
- 医生,心理学家和治疗师报告了不同程度的组织支持和参与以家庭为中心的护理.
结论:
- 儿童和青少年心理治疗师在以家庭为导向的实践中表现出最全面的参与,并得到了强大的技能和知识的支持.
- 成年心理治疗师,尽管获得较少的组织支持,表现出能力,在提供资源和转介给家庭.
- 显然需要加强对父母精神疾病对孩子的影响的培训,并增加机构支持,以促进所有专业群体的以家庭为中心的护理.
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