在使用大麻的人中,大脑的奖励功能:系统性审查
Emillie Beyer1, Govinda Poudel2,3, Stephanie Antonopoulos4
1Neuroscience of Addiction and Mental Health Program, Healthy Brain and Mind Research Centre, School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience
|February 21, 2024
概括
这次审查发现,在使用货币激励延迟 (MID) fMRI任务的大麻使用者中,大脑奖励功能发生变化的不一致证据. 需要进一步的研究来确认大麻使用障碍患者的大脑奖励系统的变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 成研究 研究成研究
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 大麻使用在全球普遍存在,并与奖励处理变化有关,例如无和对奖励敏感性的变化.
- 神经科学上理论认为,这些变化源于大脑奖励路径的改变.
- 货币激励延迟 (MID) fMRI任务用于研究大脑奖励功能,但大麻使用者的证据没有系统地合成.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和整合MID fMRI任务评估的大麻使用者的大脑奖励功能发现.
- 探索大脑功能,大麻暴露指标 (剂量,频率) 和行为变量之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在PsycINFO,PubMed,Medline,CINAHL和Scopus进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 根据PROSPERO预注册和PRISMA指南进行审查.
- 包括9项研究,534名参与者 (255名大麻使用者,279名对照),年龄在16-28岁之间.
主要成果:
- 总的来说,功能性神经成像 (fMRI) 研究显示,奖励处理中的群体差异在很大程度上是不显著的.
- 一些研究表明,在奖励/损失预期期间腹部条纹体和在接受中性结果期间尾纹体存在差异.
- 大脑功能与戒断,剂量或开始年龄之间的相关性产生了不一致的结果.
结论:
- 新出现的证据表明,大麻使用者的大脑奖励功能可能发生改变,但这些发现是不一致的.
- 需要进一步的fMRI研究来验证大脑奖励系统是否确实改变了大麻使用障碍患者,正如成理论所建议的那样.
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