丹佛大都市的空气污染不平等及其与历史红线的关系
Alexander C Bradley1,2, Bart E Croes2, Colin Harkins2,3
1University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States.
丹佛的有色人种 (POC) 面临着更高的空气污染,特别是二氧化 (NO2) 和细颗粒物 (PM2.5),特别是在历史上红线区. 这种环境不公正与接近污染基础设施和主要道路有关.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 城市规划 城市规划
背景情况:
- 以前的研究表明,美国有色人种 (POC) 接触污染的比例不成比例.
- 历史上的歧视性住房做法,如红线,与持续的环境不平等有关.
研究的目的:
- 在科罗拉多州丹佛调查基于种族和种族的空气污染差异.
- 分析历史红线,人口统计数据和当前空气污染物度 (NO2和PM2.5) 之间的相关性.
- 为了确定这些差异的根本原因,制定补救策略.
主要方法:
- 利用了高分辨率卫星数据 (TROPOMI NO2) 和空气污染模型 (PM2.5).
- 综合历史人口信息和面积分配技术.
- 计算了斯皮尔曼系数,以在红线城市的人口普查区一级比较污染物水平和种族.
主要成果:
- 丹佛以种族和种族为基础的空气污染差异显著,反映了国家趋势.
- 在历史上受到红线的社区中观察到较高的NO2和PM2.5度.
- 人口普查区中西班牙裔和拉丁裔人口较多,年平均PM2.5度较高 (7.5μg m-3比6.5μg m-3),距离污染基础设施和高速公路更近.
结论:
- 污染基础设施的空间分布和人口结构模式导致丹佛的POC持续存在的空气污染差异.
- 尽管城市做出了努力,但由于污染源的不平等配置,这些不平等仍然存在.
- 确定核心原因对于制定有效的补救和环境正义政策至关重要.
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