牙科或注射恐惧症儿童和青少年的基于互联网的认知行为疗法:随机对照试验
Robert Schibbye1,2, Erik Hedman-Lagerlöf3, Viktor Kaldo4,5
1Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
Journal of medical Internet research
|February 21, 2024
概括
基于互联网的认知行为疗法 (ICBT) 有效地减少了儿童和青少年的牙科恐惧症 (DP) 和注射恐惧症 (IP). 这种疗法使儿童能够接受牙科治疗,改善他们的口腔健康结果.
科学领域:
- 儿科牙科 儿科牙科
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 行为治疗是一种行为疗法.
背景情况:
- 牙科恐惧症 (DP) 和注射恐惧症 (IP) 是儿童牙科护理的重要障碍.
- 认知行为疗法 (CBT) 对于焦虑是有效的,但在牙科环境中是有限的.
- 基于互联网的CBT (ICBT) 提供了一个可扩展的解决方案,但需要随机试验.
研究的目的:
- 评估治疗师指导,家长支持的ICBT在减少儿童和青少年DP和IP方面的有效性.
- 确定ICBT是否能够使恐惧症儿童接受牙科治疗.
主要方法:
- 一项随机对照试验,共33名儿童被诊断患有DP,IP或两者.
- 参与者被随机分配到12周的ICBT (n=17) 或等候名单对照组 (n=16).
- ICBT涉及家庭计划,治疗师联系和家长指导;通过诊断面试和验证问卷测量结果.
主要成果:
- 41%的ICBT组不再满足DP/IP治疗后的诊断标准,而对照组的这一比例为0% (P=.004).
- ICBT显著改善了图像引导行为回避测试 (PG-BAT) 的得分 (科恩的d=1.6儿童评分,1.0父母评分).
- 在ICBT组中观察到牙科恐惧,注射恐惧和负面认知的显著减少,以及自我效能的提高.
结论:
- 治疗师指导的ICBT是儿童牙科和注射恐惧症的有效治疗方法.
- ICBT增加了对焦虑治疗的可访问性,可能减少对镇静和克制的需要.
- 这种方法可以改善儿童和青少年患有恐惧症的牙健康结果.
相关概念视频
Behavior Therapy
49
Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
49
Operant Conditioning Intervention
56
Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
56
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
50
Cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBTs) are grounded in the belief that our thoughts profoundly influence our emotions and actions. Advocates of CBT emphasize three core assumptions: first, that cognitions are identifiable and measurable; second, that they are central to psychological functioning; and third, that irrational or maladaptive beliefs can be replaced with rational and adaptive ones. This transformative approach to therapy has paved the way for specific models such as Albert...
50
Modeling in Therapy
74
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
74
Cognitive Therapy
152
Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
152


