抑制性CARs无法防止T细胞的直接细胞毒性
Maximilian A Funk1, Gerwin Heller2, Petra Waidhofer-Söllner3
1Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Division for Immune Receptors and T Cell Activation, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; University Hospital LMU Munich, Department of Medicine III, Munich, Germany; Gene Center, LMU Munich, Cancer and Immunometabolism Research Group, Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Munich Site and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
抑制性化学抗原受体 (iCARs) 旨在提高CAR-T细胞治疗的特异性. 然而,iCARs并没有阻止T细胞杀死表达抗原的健康细胞,这表明潜在的功能障碍.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 细胞疗法细胞疗法
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 化学抗原受体 (CARs) 是为癌症治疗而设计的T细胞.
- 抑制性CARs (iCARs) 的目的是通过抑制T细胞激活来增强瘤特异性.
- iCARs的设计是为了创建布尔 NOT 门,防止T细胞活动对健康组织表达特定抗原.
研究的目的:
- 评估iCAR构造在增强CAR-T细胞特异性的有效性.
- 评估针对临床相关抗原对的iCARs的功能,例如B7-H3/CD45和CD123/CD19.
- 调查抑制信号域是否可以防止对健康组织的CAR-T细胞中介细胞毒性.
主要方法:
- 利用一个记者细胞系统来测试BTLA衍生信号域的iCAR功效.
- 为抗原对B7-H3/CD45和CD123/CD19开发了CAR/iCAR组合.
- 在初级人类T细胞中测试iCAR功能,评估增殖,细胞因子生产和细胞毒性.
主要成果:
- 使用BTLA衍生信号域的iCAR构造在报告系统中显示出高强度.
- 针对CD45和CD19的iCARs有效地抑制了记者细胞.
- 虽然αCD19-iCAR抑制了T细胞的增殖和细胞因子释放,但它们未能抑制CAR中介的直接细胞毒性.
- 过度表达PD-1或BTLA的T细胞并没有表现出对干表达细胞的细胞毒性受损.
结论:
- iCARs显示出调节T细胞反应的潜力,但需要进一步优化.
- 研究的抑制信号通路没有有效地否决对健康组织的CAR-T细胞细胞毒性.
- 未来使用iCARs的CAR-T细胞疗法必须仔细监测非瘤反应和潜在的T细胞功能障碍.
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