COVID-19大流行对心血管疾病死亡率的影响和子组内的对比分析
Shoufang Song1, Chen Guo1, Ruiyun Wu1
1Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, Xi'an, China.
Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine
|February 22, 2024
概括
在COVID-19大流行期间,过度的心血管死亡率急剧上升,特别是在年轻男性和少数群体中. 虽然死亡率在2021年后有所下降,但老年人和特定的人口统计数据仍然显示持续的过度死亡,突出显示了持续的心血管健康差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- COVID-19 流行病与整体死亡率的增加有关,超过了直接归因于 SARS-CoV-2 感染的死亡人数.
- 早期的流行病数据表明,心血管死亡模式发生了显著的转变.
- 分析大规模的流行病时期心血管死亡率数据对于有效的预防和控制策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析从2010年到2023年的心血管疾病 (CVD) 死亡率趋势.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间 (2020-2023) 使用时间序列建模识别和量化多余的心血管死亡.
- 检查心血管疾病死亡率的社会人口差异,包括按性别,年龄和种族/种族进行分析.
主要方法:
- 利用来自CDC WONDER平台的国家生命统计系统数据,使用心血管疾病死亡率的ICD-10代码.
- 应用回归分析来描述心血管疾病死亡率趋势 (2010-2023) 和时间序列建模 (2010-2019年基线) 来预测和评估过度死亡率 (2020-2023年).
- 根据性别,年龄和种族/族裔进行了分组分析,以确定特定的人口影响.
主要成果:
- 对心血管疾病的全因年龄标准化死亡率 (ASMR) 从2019年到2021年显著增加 (APC11.27%),随后从2021年到2023年下降 (APC -7.0%).
- 在阿拉斯加原住民/美洲印第安人,西班牙裔,非西班牙裔黑人,25-44岁年龄组和男性中观察到最明显的ASMR变化.
- 到2023年,老年人仍然存在过度死亡,而年轻 (25-44岁) 和中年 (45-64岁) 群体没有过度死亡;老年人,男性和阿拉斯加土著/美国印第安人占COVID相关过度死亡的比例最高.
结论:
- 心血管疾病死亡率在疫情初期显著增加,随后下降,受影响最大的群体经历了最快的下降.
- 现有的心血管健康计划显示出有效性,但差异仍然存在.
- 由于观察到心血管疾病死亡率的社会人口统计学差异,优先考虑对老年人心血管保健的进一步研究和解决种族差异至关重要.
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