异常的皮层收缩会影响哺乳动物卵细胞质量
Elvira Nikalayevich1, Gaëlle Letort2, Ghislain de Labbey1
1Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Biology (CIRB), Collège de France, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, 75005 Paris, France.
Developmental cell
|February 22, 2024
概括
缺少Arp2/3复合体的小鼠卵细胞表现出前所未有的皮质收缩,损害了细胞质组织和女性生育能力. 减少这些收缩可以挽救异常,这表明对卵细胞质量有影响.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 卵细胞皮质在细胞形状和染色体分离方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 在皮质中的动蛋白重塑对于适当的卵细胞功能至关重要.
- 众所周知,Arp2/3复合体调节皮质动因动态.
研究的目的:
- 研究Arp2/3复合体缺失对小鼠卵细胞皮质重塑和功能的影响.
- 探索新型皮质收缩对细胞质组织和女性生育能力的影响.
- 检查人类卵细胞中类似收缩的存在和影响.
主要方法:
- 基因操纵以创建Arp2/3复杂缺陷小鼠卵细胞.
- 先进的成像技术可视化皮质动态动态和细胞质活性.
- 机器学习方法分析细胞收缩及其影响.
- 在体外受精 (IVF) 程序用于人类卵细胞的收集和分析.
主要成果:
- 缺少Arp2/3复合体的卵细胞在分裂过程中显示皮质活性重塑和前所未有的皮质收缩.
- 这些收缩导致细胞质动,扰乱器官组织和活动.
- 受损的多精子症预防能力降低了受影响小鼠的雌性生育能力.
- 在人类卵子细胞中观察到的类似收缩与细胞质运动增加相关,但与螺旋缺陷或形状无关.
结论:
- 皮层F-actin动态和收缩对卵细胞细胞质组织产生多层次的影响.
- 不受控制的皮质收缩会对卵细胞质量和女性生育能力产生负面影响.
- 这些发现揭示了哺乳动物卵子细胞中保存的机制,对试管婴儿和生殖健康有潜在的影响.
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