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Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelic drugs, are a class of substances known for their ability to alter perception, cognition, and emotions. Despite their profound effects on the mind, these drugs are non-addictive, setting them apart from many other abused substances. The mechanism of action of these drugs lies in their impact on the 5-HT2A receptor in the brain. Upon activation, this receptor couples to Gq-type G proteins, triggering a cascade that releases intracellular calcium. This...
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Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
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Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
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在迷幻试验中的预期效应.

Balázs Szigeti1, Boris D Heifets2

  • 1Translational Psychedelic Research Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California; Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, London, UK.

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging
|February 22, 2024
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

参与者的期望显著影响迷幻疗法试验. 了解和管理这些预期效应对于准确的研究和有效的迷幻疗法至关重要.

关键词:
这是一个令人眼花乱的失明.预期是指期望 (expectancy) 是指期望的意思.微剂量是指微剂量.避孕药是一种安慰剂.迷幻药物 迷幻药物试验设计试验设计.

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科学领域:

  • 心理药理学 心理药理学
  • 临床心理学 临床心理学
  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.

背景情况:

  • 像psilocybin,LSD和DMT这样的迷幻化合物是心理健康临床试验的对象.
  • 非药物因素,特别是参与者的期望,对传统的双盲,安慰剂对照试验设计构成挑战.
  • 越来越多的公众对迷幻疗法的兴趣,需要严格评估潜在的预期偏见.

研究的目的:

  • 审查研究中的关键概念和预期的测量.
  • 检查现代迷幻药试验 (微剂和大剂) 中报告的预期效应.
  • 探索期望作为一种与药物效应相互作用的生理过程及其潜在的治疗应用.

主要方法:

  • 关于期望概念和测量的文献综述.
  • 在已发表的迷幻药临床试验中对预期效应的分析.
  • 预期作为生理因素的概念化.

主要成果:

  • 预期是迷幻研究中的一个重要因素,复杂化了失明.
  • 预期效应的证据存在于微量和巨量迷幻药研究中.
  • 期待可以独立地起作用或与迷幻药物的药理作用相互作用.

结论:

  • 预期效应可以被利用来潜在地改善迷幻疗法的结果.
  • 管理预期对于提高未来迷幻药临床试验的严谨性和通用性至关重要.
  • 需要进一步的研究,以了解和利用幻觉辅助精神健康治疗中的预期.