国家卫生访谈调查中社会人口统计因素与自我报告的玻璃眼之间的关联:基于人口的分析
Jim Xie1, Nikhil S Patil1, Marko M Popovic2
1From the Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine (J.M., N.P.), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
American journal of ophthalmology
|February 22, 2024
概括
健康影响的社会决定因素 玻璃眼. 非西班牙裔黑人种族和健康状况不佳与更高的青光眼诊断率有关,这凸显了有针对性的公共卫生干预措施的需要.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康差异 在健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 玻璃眼是全球不可逆转的失明的主要原因.
- 健康的社会决定因素 (SDH) 显著影响健康结果,包括眼睛疾病.
- 了解SDH和青光眼患病率之间的相互作用对于有效的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查健康的各种社会决定因素 (SDH) 和青光眼的流行率之间的关联.
- 确定特定的SDH因素,有助于青光眼的诊断和视力丧失.
主要方法:
- 这是一项采用2017年国家卫生访谈调查 (NHIS) 数据的横截面研究.
- 包括26,696名成年参与者,他们有与眼有关的问题.
- 通过回归模型分析了SDH领域 (社会背景,教育,环境,经济稳定,医疗保健准入) 与自我报告的青光眼之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 非西班牙裔黑人种族与更高的青光眼诊断概率显著相关 (OR=1.87).
- 糟糕的自我报告的健康状况也预测了青光眼的诊断 (OR=1.54).
- 在单变量分析中,低收入低于贫困线的低收入是绿斑性视力损失的预测因素,但在多变量分析中,对视力损失没有SDH因素具有重要意义.
结论:
- 非西班牙裔黑人种族和健康状况不佳是自我报告的青光眼诊断的重要预测因素.
- 这些发现强调了在格洛科马风险评估和干预计划中考虑健康的社会决定因素的重要性.
- 公共卫生倡议应解决SDH,以减轻青光眼的患病率和相关的视力损失.
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