无助和辅助最大速度冲刺之间的动力学和动力学的比较
Sam Gleadhill1, Pedro Jiménez-Reyes2, Roland van den Tillaar3
1UniSA Online, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Journal of sports sciences
|February 23, 2024
概括
辅助冲刺训练主要通过拉力增加跑步速度,而不是提高运动员的力量. 然而,它可能有助于短跑者练习在可比速度下产生更高的地面反应力.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 竞技表现运动员的表现
背景情况:
- 在更高的速度下增强的地面反应力 (GRF) 提高了冲刺性能.
- 辅助冲刺训练用于实现更快的跑步速度.
- 了解在辅助与无辅助冲刺期间的生物力学差异对于优化训练至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 描述在最大速度阶段的辅助冲刺.
- 为了研究辅助和控制冲刺之间的急性生物力学差异.
- 确定是否可以使用辅助冲刺来练习在可比速度下产生更大的GRF.
主要方法:
- 15名短跑运动员在力量平台上进行了辅助 (5kg) 和控制短跑.
- 测量了地面反应力,运行速度和接触时间.
- 分析了数据,以比较条件之间的生物力学参数.
主要成果:
- 由于外部拉力,辅助冲刺显著增加了跑步速度 (9.3%),而不是增强了运动员的推进力.
- 推进平均力和冲动下降,而垂直平均力和制动力/冲动增加.
- 控制试验的最大速度在辅助试验中更早达到,在匹配的速度下,净前后力和冲动增加.
- 跑步速度的增加与地面接触时间的减少相关 (r = -0.565).
结论:
- 辅助冲刺通过外部辅助而不是内在力量生产改进来提高速度.
- 辅助冲刺可以通过改变力应用特征,在可比速度下开发更大的GRF提供训练刺激.
- 减少地面接触时间似乎对有效的辅助冲刺表现很重要.
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