环境正义和宾夕法尼亚州石油和天然气开发的多重维度
Wil Lieberman-Cribbin1, Xin Fang2, Rachel Morello-Frosch3
1Mr. Wil Lieberman-Cribbin is a doctoral student at Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, USA.
概括
宾夕法尼亚州的弱势社区
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 社区的社会经济贫困 (CSD) 可能与石油和天然气开发 (OGD) 的暴露增加有关.
- 环境不公正,包括分配和利益共享方面,是OGD地区日益关注的问题.
- 宾夕法尼亚州的马塞勒斯页岩地区为研究这些差异提供了一个案例研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查OGD和废物处理是否对贫困社区产生不成比例的影响.
- 通过分析OGD租用土地与权利所有者的居住地之间的不一致,来评估利益分享的环境不公正.
主要方法:
- 使用OGD井,废物处理和土地租数据 (2005-2019) 在县分区层面进行分析.
- 开发一个社区社会经济贫困 (CSD) 指数,使用2005-2009年美国社区调查数据.
- 应用调整后回归模型,考虑空间依赖.
主要成果:
- 在CSD指数和钻井井存在之间没有发现任何关联.
- 较高的CSD指数线性地与拥有OGD废弃物处理场所和接收较大废弃物量的可能性增加有关.
- 贫困社区的个人不太可能从OGD中获益,与居住在租用土地的同一个县分区的权利所有者比例较低.
结论:
- 在更贫困的社区中观察到关于OGD废物处理的分配环境不公正.
- 分享利益环境不公正被发现,贫困地区居民的经济利益较少.
- 证据支持OGD暴露和益处之间的差异,突出了马塞勒斯页岩地区的环境不公正.
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