1型糖尿病:一种异分泌和内分泌胰腺疾病
Brittany S Bruggeman1, Desmond A Schatz1
1University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
概括
1型糖尿病对外分泌和内分泌胰腺都有影响. 研究表明,外分胰腺功能障碍和缩发生在早期,可能在自身免疫发作之前.
科学领域:
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 1型糖尿病 (T1D) 传统上被视为内分泌 (β细胞) 自免疫性疾病.
- 显著的胰腺缩 (20-50%的减少) 和外分泌功能不充分发生在T1D诊断时,有时在岛屿自身免疫之前.
- 对于T1D外分泌损失的机制尚不清楚,假设包括发育问题,β细胞损失或自身免疫/炎症破坏.
研究的目的:
- 探索外分胰腺在1型糖尿病中的作用.
- 调查T1D中潜在的自身免疫或炎症对外分胰腺功能障碍的潜在贡献.
- 为了突出T1D中的异位胰腺功能不充分的低诊断性质和缺乏治疗方案.
主要方法:
- 对胰腺器官大小,外分泌功能和T1D炎症标志物的现有文献的综述.
- 对T1D中的表皮缩机制的假设分析.
- 检查外分泌特异性基因和蛋白质表达在T1D发展中的作用.
主要成果:
- 炎症变化 (胰腺炎,T细胞透,补体激活,自身抗体) 表明自身免疫系统参与了表皮功能障碍.
- 外分胰腺缩通常在临床T1D发病之前.
- 基因/蛋白质表达的外分泌变化与T1D的发展有关.
结论:
- 1型糖尿病很可能是一个从一开始就影响外分泌和内分泌胰腺的疾病.
- 测量外分胰腺大小和功能可能有助于预测T1D发病和识别治疗反应者.
- 在T1D中,胰腺外分衰竭的诊断不足,需要进一步的研究和量身定制的治疗.
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