皮肤恶性黑色素瘤发病率和死亡率的全球趋势
Giuseppe De Pinto1, Silvia Mignozzi1, Carlo La Vecchia1
1Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Melanoma research
|February 23, 2024
概括
全球皮肤恶性黑色素瘤 (CMM) 死亡率在过去30年中显著下降. 对紫外线风险的提高认识,早期诊断和更好的治疗有助于这种有利的趋势,特别是在澳大利亚.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 皮肤病学 皮肤病学
背景情况:
- 皮肤性恶性黑色素瘤 (CMM) 的死亡率在历史上一直在上升,但最近在高收入国家显示出有利的趋势.
- 尽管死亡率下降,但全球多个国家的CMM发病率正在增加.
- 了解当前全球CMM死亡率趋势对于公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为皮肤恶性黑色素瘤 (CMM) 的死亡率趋势提供最新的全球概述.
- 分析不同年龄组和地理区域的CMM死亡率和发病率数据.
- 确定导致死亡率趋势的因素.
主要方法:
- 世界卫生组织 (WHO) 从1980年到最近几年的死亡证明数据的分析.
- 包括来自五大洲癌症发生率 (1990-2012) 的发生率数据.
- 针对年轻成年人 (20-44岁) 和中年成年人 (45-64岁) 的单独分析.
主要成果:
- 大多数国家在所有年龄段的CMM死亡率都出现了有利的下降.
- 近几十年来,澳大利亚的CMM死亡率下降了40-50%.
- 澳大利亚,新西兰和北欧的CMM年轻人死亡率最高;日本,菲律宾和拉丁美洲的死亡率最低.
- 全球CMM发病率趋势稳定或增加,女性的发病率较高.
结论:
- 在过去的三十年中,全球CMM死亡率显著下降.
- 导致死亡率降低的关键因素包括对紫外线暴露风险的认识增加,早期诊断,以及治疗晚期黑色素瘤的进展.
- 预防措施和早期检测对于全球管理CMM至关重要.
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