对集中式太阳能发电系统中超临界二氧化碳循环的最佳配置的技术经济分析
Rosa P Merchán1, Luis F González-Portillo2, Javier Muñoz-Antón2
1Department of Applied Physics and IUFFYM, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|February 23, 2024
概括
为集中太阳能发电 (CSP) 优化超临界二氧化碳 (sCO2) 循环需要平衡成本和效率. 这项研究表明,降低成本和最大化效率并不总是一致,尽管效率差异很大,但部分冷却系统往往是最便宜的.
科学领域:
- 能源工程 能源工程
- 热力学是一种热力学.
- 可再生能源系统可再生能源系统
背景情况:
- 超临界二氧化碳 (sCO2) 循环将成为下一代热能不可或缺的组成部分,特别是在集中式太阳能 (CSP) 应用中.
- 当前的研究往往优先考虑效率最大化以降低成本,但这种假设需要进行批判性检查.
- 在sCO2循环中,了解成本最小化和效率最大化之间的权衡对于实际实施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为突出的sCO2循环全面分析成本最小化和效率最大化目标之间的差异.
- 评估关键物理和经济不确定性对sCO2循环性能和成本的影响.
- 在基于成本和效率的CSP应用中确定sCO2循环的最佳配置.
主要方法:
- 分析主要的sCO2循环配置,包括部分冷却和再压缩循环.
- 包括关键的物理不确定性:轮机入口温度,环境温度,压力下降和轮机的效率.
- 纳入成本不确定性:sCO2组件成本和供暖成本.
主要成果:
- 在分析的场景中,具有部分冷却 (有或没有再加热) 的CSP系统成为最具成本效益的配置.
- 观察到的配置之间的成本差异通常很小 (低于5%),而效率差异更大 (低于15%).
- 尽管效率较低,但简单循环系统可能比部分冷却系统便宜,如果加热成本足够低. 在特定的环境温度和压力下降条件下,再压缩周期也可能提供成本优势.
结论:
- 为CSP优化sCO2循环需要一个细微的方法,因为直接效率最大化不能保证最低成本.
- 部分冷却配置在许多CSP应用中提供了成本和效率之间的有利平衡.
- 不同的sCO2循环设计的经济可行性对加热成本,环境条件和系统压力下降等因素敏感,需要对具体情况进行分析.
相关概念视频
01:18Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
248
Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provides a beneficial substitute for gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) for certain samples because it merges the top attributes of both techniques. SFC allows the separation and analysis of compounds that GC or LC does not easily manage. These compounds are traditionally nonvolatile or thermally unstable, making GC unsuitable and lacking functional groups required for HPLC analysis.
SFC utilizes a supercritical fluid mobile phase,...
SFC utilizes a supercritical fluid mobile phase,...
248
01:09Turbulent Flow: Problem Solving
129
Carbonation is a process used to dissolve carbon dioxide gas in a liquid, commonly used in the production of carbonated beverages. Achieving efficient carbonation requires careful control of temperature, pressure, and flow conditions. By adjusting these parameters, carbonation efficiency can be maximized, producing a higher concentration of CO2 in the liquid.
Temperature is a key factor in CO2 solubility. In this case, the CO2 gas and the liquid are cooled to 20°C. Lower temperatures...
Temperature is a key factor in CO2 solubility. In this case, the CO2 gas and the liquid are cooled to 20°C. Lower temperatures...
129
02:39Phase Diagrams
40.8K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
40.8K
01:16Efficiency of The Carnot Cycle
2.6K
The hypothetical Carnot cycle consists of an ideal gas subjected to two isothermal and two adiabatic processes. Since the internal energy of an ideal gas depends only on its temperature, which is the same before and after the completion of the Carnot cycle, there is no change in its internal energy. Hence, using the first law of thermodynamics, the total heat exchanged by the ideal gas equals the total work done. Thus, we can quantify the efficiency of the Carnot cycle via the heat exchanged...
2.6K