检查自闭症儿童解决社会问题的过程和影响
Morgan L McNair1, Victoria Mondejar1, Erin J Libsack1
1Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-2500, USA.
Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|February 23, 2024
概括
自闭症儿童的社会问题解决 (SPS) 技能是应对社会挑战的关键. 特定的SPS组件,如问题识别,独特地预测了更少的社会困难,突出了干预目标.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 社会认知是指社会认知.
背景情况:
- 解决社会问题 (SPS) 对于应对社会情况至关重要.
- 自闭症患者经常在SPS中表现出挑战,导致社会困难.
- 之前的研究还没有全面分析SPS组件在自闭症相关症状上的离散和联合预测能力.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会问题解决 (SPS) 组件之间的相互关系.
- 确定单个和组合的SPS组件如何预测自闭症儿童的自闭症相关症状和社会困难.
- 确定在减轻自闭症社会挑战方面最具影响力的特定SPS组件.
主要方法:
- 对58名自闭症儿童 (6-10岁) 进行了社会问题解决 (SPS) 的计算机评估.
- 进行了共性分析,以评估SPS组件的离散和联合预测贡献.
- 父母报告的自闭症相关症状和社会困难的措施被用作结果变量.
主要成果:
- 社会规范性问题识别,目标偏好和解决方案偏好显著与父母报告的自闭症相关的社会困难较少有关.
- 问题识别成为减少社会困难的最强有力的独特预测因素.
- 所有SPS组件的共享差异在很大程度上有助于解释社会困难,表明相互关系.
结论:
- 社会问题解决的组成部分是自闭症人口中相互关联的,但却是不同的结构.
- 针对特定的SPS组件,特别是问题识别,可以有效地减少自闭症儿童的社会困难.
- 研究结果支持改进以SPS为重点的干预措施,以提高自闭症谱系障碍的社会能力.
相关概念视频
Autism Spectrum Disorder
92
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
92
Modeling in Therapy
74
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
74
Social Anxiety Disorder
34
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
34
Problem-Solving
165
Effective problem-solving consists of two steps: 1. identifying the problem and 2. selecting the appropriate problem-solving strategy (i.e., a plan of action used to find a solution). Humans use four problem-solving strategies:
165
Operant Conditioning Intervention
56
Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
56
Cognitive Development During Adolescence
55
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
55


