对猪生产的经济和环境影响的生命周期比较,用中国的四种不同模型
Huijun Wu1, Yongxin Liu2, Chengjuan Dai2
1School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China. hjwu@aust.edu.cn.
Environmental science and pollution research international
|February 23, 2024
概括
与国内模式相比,中国的大规模养猪业提供了更大的经济效益和更低的环境影响. 可持续的料,种植,肥料和废物管理实践对于改善生猪生产至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 生命周期评估 生命周期评估
背景情况:
- 中国的生猪生产对环境产生了重大影响.
- 有限的比较研究存在于不同的养猪模式的环境足迹.
研究的目的:
- 综合评估和比较中国四种猪养殖模式 (国内,小,中,大规模) 从1998年至2020年的环境影响.
- 确定中国生猪生产的可持续战略.
主要方法:
- 应用了生命周期评估 (LCA) 方法.
- 环境影响 (能源消耗,全球变暖,酸化,高化,用水,土地占用) 被评估为每100公斤活体重.
- 该研究包括肥料生产,料生产,料加工,养猪,废物处理和屠宰.
主要成果:
- 与国内模式相比,大规模繁殖显示出优越的经济效益和较小的环境影响.
- 由矿物肥使用驱动的料生产占总环境影响的50%以上.
- 养猪是全球变暖潜力 (GWP),酸化 (AP) 和轻化 (EU) 的最大贡献者.
- 废物管理是欧盟,AP和水资源枯竭 (WD) 的第三大原因.
结论:
- 为了经济和环境的好处,建议促进大规模的繁殖.
- 可持续的措施,包括优化料成分,改进的种植实践,高效的肥料利用和先进的废物管理,对于环保养猪生产至关重要.
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