在患有注意力缺陷/多动症障碍的成年人中,神经心理功能的性别差异模式
Yu-Ju Lin1, Meng-Chuan Lai2, Li-Kuang Yang3
1Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry and Child Development Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Comprehensive psychiatry
|February 23, 2024
概括
患有ADHD的成年人表现出执行功能的性别特异性差异,女性遇到更多的兴奋/处理速度挑战,男性面临更大的空间记忆困难. 这些发现突出了ADHD神经心理功能中重要的性别调节效应.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
背景情况:
- 注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 患病率的性别差异在整个生命周期中发生变化.
- 对于ADHD成年人执行功能的基于性别的变异的理解有限.
研究的目的:
- 研究成年人被诊断患有ADHD的执行功能中的性别差异.
- 将ADHD和没有ADHD的成年人之间的神经心理表现进行比较,将性别视为适度因素.
主要方法:
- 261名ADHD成年人 (170名男性,91名女性) 和308名神经类型成年人使用精神病学访谈和剑桥神经心理测试自动化电池 (CANTAB) 进行了评估.
- CANTAB任务评估了反应时间,持续的注意力,空间记忆,工作记忆,设置转移和空间规划.
- 对年龄,智商和同时出现的精神疾病进行控制的分析.
主要成果:
- 患有多动症的成年人,无论性别如何,在所有CANTAB任务中表现较差,与同性神经类型对照人群相比.
- 发现了显著的性别调节效应:患有ADHD的女性在兴奋方面表现出比男性更大的缺陷,而患有ADHD的男性在空间记忆任务中表现出更明显的困难.
结论:
- 同时出现的精神疾病在成年ADHD中没有显示性别调节效应.
- 性别显著缓解了ADHD和神经心理功能之间的关系,在女性 (兴奋/处理速度) 和男性 (空间记忆策略/抑制) 中观察到不同的挑战.
关键词:
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