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分解成熟状态对运动男孩训练,人体测量,表现,骨外围和荷尔蒙因素的影响
Blair T Crewther1, Anna Pastuszak2, Christian J Cook3
1Institute of Sport - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland; Biomedical Science, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia.
Physiology & behavior
|February 23, 2024
概括
年轻运动员的成熟度偏移与身体组成和骨密度有关. 无脂肪质量和手骨密度是运动型男孩成熟状态的关键预测因素.
科学领域:
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 儿科内分泌学 儿科内分泌学
- 骨生物学 骨生物学
背景情况:
- 成熟度偏移,或从峰值高度速度 (PHV) 开始的年龄,对于评估年轻运动员的发展至关重要.
- 目前的理解缺乏关于骨,激素和训练对成熟时间的影响的细节.
- 需要更高的精度来理解增长事件的时间,节奏和顺序.
研究的目的:
- 调查与运动型男孩的成熟度偏移有关的骨,荷尔蒙和训练因素.
- 解释青少年运动员生长相关事件的时间,节奏和序列.
- 确定年轻运动员成熟状态的关键预测因素.
主要方法:
- 对102名运动男孩 (年龄为14.1±0.5岁) 的横截面研究.
- 评估了训练,唾液丸激素/皮质醇,人体测量,身体组成 (FFM,体脂),骨参数 (手/手掌骨区,BMC,BMD) 和跳跃性能.
- 采用了通用增值和线性回归模型进行数据分析,比较了近PHV和后PHV组.
主要成果:
- 与PHV后组相比,PHV后组表现出更大的身体尺寸,丸激素水平,表现和骨结果 (p < 0.001).
- 围绕PHV的小组表现出更高的每周训练和学校运动负载.
- 成熟度偏移的强烈预测是 (R2 = 0.848) 没有脂肪的质量 (42.0%),手的骨质量 (31.5%),年龄 (16.0%),丸激素 (6.7%) 和训练时间 (3.8%).
结论:
- 不同成熟阶段的运动男孩 (-0.98到PHV的2.84岁) 显示出不同的发育特征.
- 大多数变量显示,随着更高的到期期权抵消,持续增加.
- 在这个群体中,无脂肪质量和手骨矿物质密度是成熟状态的最重要的线性预测指标.
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