双耳听力与年龄相关的缺陷:外围和中心效应的贡献
Sandra Tolnai1,2, Mariella Weiß3,4,5, Rainer Beutelmann6,2
1Animal Physiology and Behavior Group, Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg 26111, Germany sandra.tolnai@uol.de georg.klump@uol.de.
概括
与年龄相关的听力损失会损害双耳处理,影响在杂环境中理解语音的能力. 这项对鼠的研究显示,随着年龄的增长,双耳掩盖水平差异 (BMLD) 和中央听觉功能存在缺陷.
科学领域:
- 听觉神经科学 听觉神经科学
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 语音感知 语音感知
背景情况:
- 纯色音频图无法预测老年人的现实世界沟通能力.
- 双声处理对于在复杂的声学环境中对声音源进行区分至关重要.
- 与年龄相关的听觉系统变化,无论是外围还是中央,都会影响超值信号感知.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究使用蒙古鹿作为模型的双耳听力与年龄相关的缺陷.
- 评估双耳处理能力的变化,通过双耳掩盖水平差异 (BMLD) 测量.
- 探索潜在的机制,包括外围和中央审计系统的功能.
主要方法:
- 使用虚拟耳机测量BMLD的行为测试.
- 单个单元响应在听觉中脑中的电生理记录.
- 定子发射断层扫描 (PET) 图像成像,以评估中脑和皮层反应.
- 听觉脑干反应 (ABR) 和听觉神经突触计数.
- 对中央GABAergic抑制的评估.
主要成果:
- 在中年和老年羊中,BMLD显著恶化,即使是那些有正常听力学值的羊.
- 与听觉神经功能和双耳处理相关的听觉脑干反应措施随着年龄的增长而下降.
- 中央GABAergic抑制在老鼠中发生了改变.
- 中年动物的外周内耳突触数量没有减少,这表明外周贡献有限.
结论:
- 与年龄相关的双耳处理缺陷在超值听力中很明显.
- 中央听觉系统的变化,包括改变脑干处理和GABAergic抑制,可能会有显著的贡献.
- 周围突触在这些特定的双耳缺陷中起到最小的作用.
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