长非编码RNA:神经退行性疾病的新见解
Adithya K Anilkumar1,2, Puneet Vij3, Samantha Lopez1,2
1Medicine and Oncology, ISU, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, TX 78504, USA.
International journal of molecular sciences
|February 24, 2024
概括
长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs) 是神经退行性疾病 (NDD) 的关键参与者,如阿尔茨海默氏症和帕金森氏症. 了解 lncRNA 功能为这些衰弱的疾病提供了新的治疗和生物标志物策略.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
背景情况:
- 神经退行性疾病 (NDD),包括阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD),帕金森病 (PD) 和肌缩侧面硬化症 (ALS),构成了重大的和日益增长的社会负担.
- NDD的病理特征包括线粒体功能障碍,氧化应激和炎症,这些都会加剧疾病的进展.
- 长非编码RNAs (lncRNAs) 正在成为NDDs复杂病理中的关键调解者.
研究的目的:
- 审查目前关于 lncRNAs 在 NDDs 病变发生过程中的作用的研究.
- 阐明涉及神经退行症的lncRNAs的生物功能和分子机制.
- 探索 lncRNAs 作为新型治疗标和 NDD 的诊断生物标记物的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在NDD中调查lncRNA的研究的综合文献综述.
- 对 lncRNA 参与神经退行性途径的分子机制的分析.
- 综合有关lncRNA功能,调节和疾病关联的当前知识.
主要成果:
- lncRNAs在NDD中的关键病理过程中发挥着重要作用,例如线粒体功能障碍,氧化应激和炎症.
- 特定的lncRNAs已被确定为在AD,PD和ALS的发展和进展中的关键调节者.
- 关于许多涉及的lncRNAs的精确生物功能和详细分子机制,存在着相当大的知识差距.
结论:
- 在理解NDD方面,lncRNAs是研究的关键领域.
- 对lncRNA功能和机制进行进一步的研究是有必要的.
- lncRNAs作为潜在的新型治疗点和用于诊断和治疗神经退行性疾病的生物标志物具有相当大的前景.
相关概念视频
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
8.6K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.6K
01:20Types of RNA
5.8K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
RNA Performs Diverse...
5.8K
01:37Neural Regulation
39.4K
Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
39.4K
01:03Long-term Depression
2.5K
Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over...
2.5K
02:27Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
10.6K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.6K
01:22MicroRNAs
3.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.0K