德克萨斯城市的自然和心理健康:基于NatureScore的研究
Omar M Makram1, Alan Pan2, Jay E Maddock1,3
1Center for Health & Nature, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
International journal of environmental research and public health
|February 24, 2024
概括
通过NatureScoreTM来衡量自然的接触,与城市地区较少使用心理健康服务有关. 较高的NatureScore社区显示,对抑郁和焦虑的利用率降低,这表明自然在医疗保健策略中的整合.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 城市规划 城市规划
背景情况:
- 城市绿色越来越多地被认为对公共健康的影响.
- 心理健康服务的利用在各个城市社区有很大差异.
- 量化自然访问对于理解其对健康的影响至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查城市自然访问 (NatureScoreTM) 与心理健康服务利用之间的关联.
- 为了确定较高的自然水平是否与较低的心理健康遭遇率相关.
- 探索不同心理健康状况和人口统计因素之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 横截面研究分析了德克萨斯州1.169个邮政编码的6100万例门诊患者遭遇.
- 使用NatureScoreTM (0-100) 作为城市绿色的代理.
- 将遭遇数据与美国人口普查数据合并,以实现人口和社会经济调整.
主要成果:
- 与40岁以下的社区相比,NatureScoreTM 60+的社区的整体心理健康利用率明显较低 (RR 0.51).
- 这种反向关系持续存在于抑郁症,双相情感障碍和焦虑/压力,特别是在NatureScoreTM 80+区域.
- 在调整了社会经济因素后,NatureScoreTM 80+邮政编码显示,抑郁症 (aRR 0.68) 和双相情感障碍 (aRR 0.59) 发生率显著降低.
结论:
- 根据NatureScoreTM的指标,更高的城市自然访问率与减少心理健康服务的利用率相关.
- 将城市绿地纳入医疗保健战略可能会促进心理健康.
- 自然ScoreTM为评估心理健康的环境决定因素提供了一个有价值的指标.
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